Successfully introduced classical biological control agents
- Insecta, Hymenoptera (part II) -

*Encarsia berlesei*
Family	Aphelinidae
Target pest	Pseudaulacaspis pentagona
Date of first use	1906-
EPPO countries where introduced	Italy [C], Bulgaria [C], Switzerland [C], Spain [C], Austria [C], former USSR [C], France [P], Hungary, Slovenia
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Japan, East Asia

*Encarsia herndoni*
Synonym	Encarsia elongata
Family	Aphelinidae
Target pest	Lepidosaphes gloverii
Date of first use	1979
EPPO countries where introduced	Spain [S]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	East Asia

*Encarsia lahorensis*
Family	Aphelinidae
Target pest	Dialeurodes citri
Date of first use	1973-
EPPO countries where introduced	Italy [S; Sardegna, P; Sicilia, C], former USSR (Georgia) [C], France [E], Turkey, Greece [S, E], Israel [C]
Multiple/single introductions	Single, multiple
Origin of collected material	India, Pakistan

*Encarsia perniciosi*
Family	Aphelinidae
Target pest	Quadraspidiotus perniciosus
Date of first use	1932-
EPPO countries where introduced	Italy [P], former USSR [E], Germany [P], France [P], Bulgaria [C], former Czechoslovakia [E, N], Switzerland [P], former Yugoslavia [N], Austria [E], Greece [E], Spain [P] (Widespread in the EPPO region)
Multiple/single introductions	Single, multiple
Origin of collected material	China, Korea

*Eretmocerus debachi*
Family	Aphelinidae
Target pest	Parabemisia myricae
Date of first use	1982-
EPPO countries where introduced	Israel [C], Turkey [C], Italy [S] (Mediterranean distribution?)
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Japan, North America

*Metaphycus anneckei*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Saissetia oleae
Date of first use	?
EPPO countries where introduced	Greece [C], Israel [E], France [E], Italy [F]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	South Africa

*Metaphycus flavus*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Coccus hesperidum
Date of first use	1959
EPPO countries where introduced	Italy [P], former USSR (Ukraine) [C] (Mediterranean distribution)
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Morocco

*Metaphycus helvolus*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Saissetia oleae
Date of first use	1960-
EPPO countries where introduced	Israel [E], France (Corse) [P*], Greece [C; Kriti, S], Italy [P], Spain [S], Cyprus [E], former USSR [F]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	South Africa

*Metaphycus lounsburyi*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest(s)	Saissetia oleae
Date of first use	1973-
EPPO countries where introduced	France [P], Israel [C], Greece (Kriti) [P], Italy [E], Cyprus [S] (Mediterranean distribution)
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	South Africa

*Metaphycus swirskii*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Saissetia oleae
Date of first use	1973
EPPO countries where introduced	Israel [E], France [E], Greece (Kriti) [P], Italy [P]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Kenya

*Neodryinus typhlocybae*
Family	Dryinidae
Target pest	Metcalfa pruinosa
Date of first use	1989-
EPPO countries where introduced	Italy, France, Slovenia, Switzerland
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	USA

*Neodusmetia sangwani*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Antonina graminis
Date of first use	1971
EPPO countries where introduced	Israel [S]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	South India

*Ooencyrtus kuvanae*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Lymantria dispar
Date of first use	1922
EPPO countries where introduced	former Czechoslovakia [E], Spain [P], Morocco [E], Algeria [E], Portugal [E], former USSR (Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan) [P]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Japan

*Pseudaphycus malinus*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Pseudococcus comstocki
Date of first use	1945
EPPO countries where introduced	former USSR [C]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Korea

*Psyllaephagus pilosus*
Family	Encyrtidae
Target pest	Ctenarytaina eucalypti
Date of first use	1994
EPPO countries where introduced	Ireland [S], France [S]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Australia

*Psyttalia concolor*
Synonym	Opius concolor
Family	Braconidae
Target pest	Bactrocera oleae
Date of first use	1914-
EPPO countries where introduced	Italy [S], Greece [P], France [P], Spain [P], Portugal, former Yugoslavia [N]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Libya, Tunisia

*Pteroptrix orientalis*
Synonym	Archenomus orientalis
Family	Aphelinidae
Target pest	Pseudaulacaspis pentagona
Date of first use	1909
EPPO countries where introduced	Italy [S]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Japan

*Pteroptrix smithi*
Family	Aphelinidae
Target pest	Chrysomphalus aonidum
Date of first use	1956
EPPO countries where introduced	Israel [C*]
Multiple/single introductions	Single
Origin of collected material	Hong Kong

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Result of introduction when available: [C] complete, [S] substantial, [P] partial, [E] established but not contributing to control or status unknown, [F] failed to become established; [N] no information on the outcome; [T] established but believed to have died out. Asterisks (*) indicate cases where more than one organism contributed to the result.

Back to Hymenoptera part I

Successfully introduced classical biological control agents - Insecta, Hymenoptera (part II) -

Successfully introduced classical biological control agents
- Insecta, Hymenoptera (part II) -